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45° Elbow

Size: 1/2"-48"
Wall thickness: SCH5S-SCHXXS
Material: Special Alloy, Super Duplex Stainless Steel, Stainless Steel, Carbon Steel, Titanium
Standards: ASME B16.9, ASME B16.28, MSS SP43, MSS SP75

  • PRODUCT DETAIL
  • Material

Size: 1/2″-48″
Wall thickness: SCH5S-SCHXXS
Material: Special Alloy, Super Duplex Stainless Steel, Stainless Steel, Carbon Steel, Titanium
Standards: ASME B16.9, ASME B16.28, MSS SP43, MSS SP75

45 degree elbow is a kind of pipe fittings, which can change the flow direction of liquid or gas in the pipeline system. Its usage proportion can reach 70% and 80% in the pipeline fittings, and it occupies a considerable proportion in all the pipeline fittings. Therefore, it is very important in the pipeline. The main function of the elbow is to change the direction of the pipeline. All pipelines can not go all the way to the end, so the elbow is needed to turn. The most commonly used are 90° elbow, 45° elbow, 180° elbow, and special angle elbow, or long elbow, big elbow, etc. According to the actual needs of customers. Common production processes of stainless steel include push, pressing, forging and casting.

45° Elbow

The function of a 45° elbow is the same as a 90° elbow, but the measurement of dimensions is different to that of the 90° elbow.

elbow45 - 45° Elbow

The radius of a 45° elbow is the same as the radius of the 90° LR (1.1/2D). However, the center to face dimension is not equivalent to the radius as in 90° LR elbows. This is measured from each face to the point of intersection of the center lines perpendicular to each other, distances B on the image. This is due to the smaller degree of bend. Short radius 45° elbows are not available.

BUTTWELD ELBOW 45/90/180 DEGREE

ASME B16.9 buttweld elbows are manufactured in a wide range of dimensions (combinations of outside diameter and wall thickness) to fit ASME B36.10 and ASME B36.19 carbon, alloy and stainless steel pipes of any size between 2 and 48 inches (and above).

Buttweld elbows below 24 inches in diameter are produced by cutting, heating and bending seamless steel pipes; pipe elbows of larger sizes are manufactured, instead, from welded pipes or steel plates. 

The three most common types of elbows in piping are the 45, 90, and 180 degrees (or return elbow), as shown in the image:

elbows - 45° Elbow
Some special types of pipe elbows are:

  • reducing elbow: a pipe connector with an inlet and an outlet in two different bore sizes is used instead of the combination of a standard elbow and concentric reducer.
  • mitered elbow: large size elbow assembled by joining steel plates

reducing elbow - 45° Elbow

SHORT VS LONG RADIUS ELBOW

The center to face distance of a long radius pipe elbow is always 1.5 times the nominal pipe size, whereas, for a short radius pipe elbow, the center to face distance is equal to the nominal pipe size.

Example:

  • For a 4 inches long radius (LR) butt weld elbow, the center to face distance is 4 x 25.4 x 1.5 = 152.4 mm;
  • For a short radius butt weld elbow, the center to face distance is instead 4 x 25.4 x 1 = 101.6 mm. Short radius pipe elbows are available only for the 90 and 180-degree configuration (and not for the 45 degrees); instead, long radius elbows are available for all degrees.

long radius elbows - 45° Elbow .       SR elbows - 45° Elbow

 

PIPE ELBOW MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Buttweld elbows 45 and 90 degrees can be manufactured in different ways, the main ones are the “mandrel process” and the “cold forming” (other methods are the elliptical forming and the double-seam welding method).

Mandrel Process

elbow manufacturing - 45° Elbow

Cold forming

elbow cold forming - 45° Elbow

Quality Control
We have our own Physical & Chemical Testing Center Lab to guarantee our product quality. Our test items & instrument fully meet international standards.

test equipments 1 20140617 1483760704 - 45° Elbow
Charpy impact test
test equipments 2 20140617 1658682400 - 45° Elbow
Corrosion test
test equipments 12 20140617 2076017840 - 45° Elbow
PT penetration inspection
test equipments 13 20140617 1578737022 - 45° Elbow
Tensile test
test equipments 15 20140617 1167460422 - 45° Elbow
Ultrasonic wt testing
test equipments 7 20140617 1244769482 - 45° Elbow
Hardness test
test equipments 3 20140617 1749817294 - 45° Elbow
Dimension test
test equipments 8 20140617 1540123740 - 45° Elbow
High test
test equipments 14 20140617 1055260591 - 45° Elbow
Thickness test
test equipments 11 20140617 1631546790 - 45° Elbow
Alloy Analyzer (PMI)

Application of 45° Elbow

  1. Pipe and Tubes for petrochemical industry
  2. Pharmaceutical industry 
  3. Food industry
  4. Aviation and aerospace industry
  5. Architectural decoration industry
  6. Oil and Gas Pipeline industry

Dimensions Butt Weld Elbows 45°-90° LR and 3D ASME B16.9

elbows9045 - 45° Elbow
NPS O.D.
D
90°
Long Rad
Center to End
A
45°
Long Rad
Center to End
B
90°
3D
Center to End
A
45°
3D
Center to End
B
1/2 21.3 38 16    
3/4 26.7 38 19 57 24
1 33.4 38 22 76 31
1.1/4 42.2 48 25 95 39
1.1/2 48.3 57 29 114 47
2 60.3 76 35 152 63
2.1/2 73 95 44 190 79
3 88.9 114 51 229 95
3.1/2 101.6 133 57 267 111
4 114.3 152 64 305 127
5 141.3 190 79 381 157
6 168.3 229 95 457 189
8 219.1 305 127 610 252
10 273 381 159 762 316
12 323.8 457 190 914 378
14 355.6 533 222 1067 441
16 406.4 610 254 1219 505
elbows9045 - 45° Elbow
NPS O.D.
D
90°
Long Rad
Center to End
A
45°
Long Rad
Center to End
B
90°
3D
Center to End
A
45°
3D
Center to End
B
18 457 686 286 1372 568
20 508 762 318 1524 632
22 559 838 343 1676 694
24 610 914 381 1829 757
26 660 991 406 1981 821
28 711 1067 438 2134 883
30 762 1143 470 2286 946
32 813 1219 502 2438 1010
34 864 1295 533 2591 1073
36 914 1372 565 2743 1135
38 965 1448 600 2896 1200
40 1016 1524 632 3048 1264
42 1067 1600 660 3200 1326
44 1118 1676 695 3353 1389
46 1168 1753 727 3505 1453
48 1219 1829 759 3658 1516

Dimensions are in millimeters unless otherwise indicated. Wall thickness (t) must be specified by customer.

DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES OF BUTT WELD ELBOWS – 45° AND 90° – LR AND 3D – ASME B16.9 –

Nominal Pipe Size 1/2 to 2.1/2 3 to 3.1/2 4 5 to 8
Outside Diameter
at Bevel (D)
+ 1.6
– 0.8
1.6 1.6 + 2.4
– 1.6
Inside Diameter at End 0.8 1.6 1.6 1.6
Center to End LR (A/B) 2 2 2 2
Center to End 3D (A/B) 3 3 3 3
Nominal Pipe Size 10 to 18 20 to 24 26 to 30 32 to 48
Outside Diameter
at Bevel (D)
+ 4
– 3.2
+ 6.4
– 4.8
+ 6.4
– 4.8
+ 6.4
– 4.8
Inside Diameter at End 3.2 4.8 + 6.4
– 4.8
+ 6.4
– 4.8
Center to End LR (A/B) 2 2 3 5
Center to End 3D (A/B) 3 3 6 6
Wall Thickness (t) Not less than 87.5% of Nominal Wall Thickness

Dimensional tolerances are in millimeters unless otherwise indicated and are equal ± except as noted.

Note:
MSS SP-43 only covers stainless steel buttweld fittings made for use with Schedule 5S and 10S pipe and Stub Ends suitable for use with Schedule 40S pipe, as defined in ASME B36.19. The dimensions and dimensional tolerances defined in MSS SP-43 are substantially the same as those in ASME B16.9 specifications from NPS 1/2 – NPS 24. Except with regard to the outside diameter at the bevel.

Material

Special Alloys

  • HASTELLOY® X
  • MONEL® R-405
  • MONEL® K-500
  • HASTELLOY® C-276
  • HASTELLOY® C-22
  • HASTELLOY® B-2
  • INCOLOY® 825
  • INCOLOY® 800H / 800HT®
  • INCONEL® 718
  • INCONEL® ALLOY 625
  • INCONEL® ALLOY 601
  • INCONEL® ALLOY 600
  • MONEL® ALLOY 400

ALLOY 20

  • NICKEL 200/201
  • MONEL® R-405
  • MONEL® K-500
  • MONEL® ALLOY 400
  • INCONEL® 718
  • INCONEL® ALLOY 625
  • INCONEL® ALLOY 601
  • INCONEL® ALLOY 600
  • INCOLOY® 825
  • HASTELLOY® X
  • HASTELLOY® C-276
  • HASTELLOY® C-22
  • HASTELLOY® B-2
  • INCOLOY® 800H / 800HT®
  • HASTELLOY® B-3

Duplex Stainless Steel

  • ZERON® 100, SUPER DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL
  • Super Duplex S32760
  • LDX 2101®, DUPLEX STEEL
  • Duplex S31803
  • SUPER DUPLEX 2507
  • DUPLEX 2205

Stainless Steel

  • STAINLESS STEEL NITRONIC 50HS
  • STAINLESS STEEL NITRONIC 60
  • STAINLESS STEEL NITRONIC 50
  • STAINLESS STEEL 13-8PH
  • STAINLESS STEEL 15-5PH
  • STAINLESS STEEL PRODEC 303
  • STAINLESS STEEL 303
  • STAINLESS STEEL 446
  • STAINLESS STEEL 410S
  • STAINLESS STEEL 410
  • STAINLESS STEEL 304-304H
  • STAINLESS STEEL 17-4
  • STAINLESS STEEL 347
  • STAINLESS STEEL 440C
  • STAINLESS STEEL 309
  • STAINLESS STEEL 316-316l
  • STAINLESS STEEL AL-6XN®
  • STAINLESS STEEL 330
  • STAINLESS STEEL 321
  • 317L STAINLESS STEEL
  • STAINLESS STEEL 310/310S
  • Stainless Steel 304L
  • Stainless Steel 304
  • STAINLESS STEEL 253 MA

Carbon Steel

  • CARBON STEEL PRODUCTS

Titanium

  • 10V-2Fe-3Al
  • 6Al-4V
  • 6Al-4V STA
  • 6Al-4V ELI
  • 6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo

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