ASTM B564 UNS NO6625 Forged Rings Φ720MM*Φ630MM*40MM

Type: UNS NO6625 Forged Rings
Material: Inconel 625 (NiCr22Mo9Nb/UNS NO6625/W.Nr. 2.4856/Nicrofer 6020)
Size: OD: 720 mm
          ID: 630 mm
        THK: 40 mm
Standard: Custom Forgings/Non-standard Forgings

What is Inconel 625

Alloy 625 is a high-strength, corrosion-resistant nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy commonly used in the aerospace, chemical processing, marine and power generation industries. It is known for its excellent resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, as well as its high strength and toughness at low and high temperatures.
A unique property of Alloy 625 is that it retains its strength and toughness at high temperatures, making it suitable for high-temperature environments such as jet engines and gas turbines. It also has good weldability and can be easily fabricated into a variety of shapes and components.
Alloy 625 is usually supplied in the annealed condition and can be hardened and strengthened by heat treatment. It is available in a variety of product forms, including sheet, strip, plate, bar, wire and forgings.

Forging of Inconel 625

The maximum recommended furnace temperature for heating inconel 625 for forging is 2100ºF (1150ºC) and care should be taken to avoid overheating. The alloy becomes very hard below 1850ºF (1010ºC) and the part should be reheated if the temperature falls below this lower limit. Uniform reduction will prevent the formation of a biphasic grain structure.

Heat Treatment of Inconel 625

There are three basic treatments for Inconel 625.

• High solid solution annealing at 2000/2200ºF (1095/1205ºC) for a period of time, depending on section size, but with a maximum of one hour immersion, followed by cooling in air or faster media. This treatment is used for applications with a minimum temperature of 1500ºF (815ºC) and where creep resistance is required.
• Low solid solution annealing, treated at 1700/1900ºF (925/1040ºC) with a maximum immersion time of one hour and cooling in air or faster media. This treatment creates the best combination of tensile and fracture properties between ambient temperatures up to 1900ºF (1040ºC), along with very good ductility and toughness at low temperatures.
• Stress is eliminated by treating at 1650ºF (900ºC) for a soak time of one to four hours (depending on section size) and air cooling. This treatment is used for applications up to 1200ºF (650ºC) when maximum fatigue and strength properties are required. Low temperature ductility and toughness are also excellent.

The typical heat treatment of Inconel 625:
Condition as supplied by AWI	Type	Temperature	Time	Cooling
Annealed or Spring Temper	Stress Relieve	260 – 370°C  (500 – 700°F)	0.5 – 1hr	Air

Workability

Hot Working

Hot working may done at 2100°F (1149°C) maximum furnace temperature. Care should be exercised to avoid frictional heat build-up which can result in overheating, exceeding 2100°F (1149°C). Alloy 625 becomes very stiff at temperatures below 1850°F (1010°C). Work pieces that fall below this temperature should be reheated. Uniform reductions are recommended to avoid the formation of a duplex grain structure. Approximately 15/20% reduction is recommended for finishing.

Cold Forming

Alloy 625 can be cold formed by standards methods. When the material becomes too stiff from cold working, ductility can be restored by process anneal.

Machinability of Inconel 625

In order to obtain good machining results with Inconel 625, it is important to use high quality cutting tools with sharp, well-maintained cutting edges. It is also important to use high pressure coolant to help reduce heat and reduce tool wear. Inconel 625 can be machined using conventional machining techniques, such as turning, milling, drilling and tapping.
When machining Inconel 625, it is important to use positive front angle tools and high cutting speeds to obtain a good surface finish and reduce tool wear. The use of chipbreakers or diamond-shaped inserts also helps to improve machinability.
Inconel 625 is known to work harden during machining, so it is important to use large depths of cut and high feed rates to reduce the time the cutting tool is in contact with the material. It is also important to use adequate cutting fluid to help reduce heat and improve tool life.

Inconel 625 can be successfully machined with the right methods and high quality cutting tools. However, due to its high strength and hardness, it may require more time and effort than some other alloys.

Low cutting speeds, rigid tools and work piece, heavy equipment, ample coolant and positive feeds are general recommendations.

High-Speed Cutting Tools for Lathe Turning Operations

Angle	Roughing	Finishing
Back rake Positive side rake End clearance End cutting edge Side cutting edge	0° 6° 6° —	8° 14-18° 8° 25° Up to 45°

Cutting Speeds for High-Speed Steels

Operation	Speed		Feed
	sfpm	m/s	ipr	mm/rev
Turning Drilling (.500″/12.70mm) Tapping Milling Reaming	12-20 10-12 5-10 10-20 8-10	0.06/.010 0.05/0.06 0.03/0.05 0.05/0.10 0.04/0.05	0.010 0.006/0.010 — — —	0.25 0.15/0.25 — — —

Carbide tools should have smaller angles than high-speed tools and operating speeds can be higher. A sulfur-based cutting fluid is recommended. Thoroughly clean work piece after machining to prevent surface contamination during subsequent heat treating. Chlorine additives would be an alternative.

Weldability of Inconel 625

Most nickel alloys can be fusion welded using gas shielded processes such as TIG or MIG. MMA is frequently used in flux processes, but the SAW process is limited to solid solution alloys and is used less frequently.
Solid solution alloys are usually welded under annealed conditions, while precipitation hardening alloys are welded under solid solution treatment conditions. Preheating is not required unless there is a risk of porosity due to moisture condensation. Solid solution treatment of materials containing residual stresses is recommended for stress relief prior to welding.
Post-weld heat treatment is not normally required to restore corrosion resistance, but heat treatment may be required for precipitation hardening or stress relief to avoid stress corrosion cracking.
Filler Alloy
The filler composition is usually matched to the base metal. However, most fillers contain small amounts of titanium, aluminium and/or niobium to help minimise porosity and risk of cracking.

Filler metals for gas protection processes are covered by BS EN 18274:2004 and AWS A5.14. The recommended fillers for the selected alloys are given in the table.

Table: Filler selection for nickel alloys
Parent Alloy	Filler designations			Comments
Alloy	BS EN ISO 18274	AWS A5.14	Trade names
Pure nickel
Nickel 200	Ni 2061	ERNi-1	Nickel 61	Matching filler metal normally contains 3%Ti
Nickel Copper
Alloy 400	Ni 4060	ERNiCu-7	Monel 60	Matching filler metal contains additions of Mn, Ti and Al
Nickel Chromium
Brightray S	Ni 6076	–	NC 80/20	Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr-Fe filler metals may be used
Nimonic 75	Ni 6076	–	NC 80/20
Nickel-Chromium-Iron
Alloy 800	Ni 6625	ERNiCrMo-3	Inconel 625	Usually welded with Ni-Cr-X alloys, but more nearly matching consumables are available which contain higher C and also Nb
			Thermanit 21/33
Alloy 600	Ni 6082	ERNiCr-3	Inconel 82	Matching filler metal contains Nb addition
Alloy 718	Ni 7718	ERNiFeCr-2	Inconel 718	Matching filler metal is normally used but Alloy 625 is an alternative consumable , if postweld heat treatment is not applied
Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum
Alloy 625	Ni 6625	ERNiCrMo-3	Inconel 625	Filler metal is also used widely for cladding and dissimilar welds
Hastelloy C-22	Ni 6022	ERNiCrMo-10	Hastelloy C-22
Nickel-Molybdenum
Hastelloy B-2	Ni 1066	ERNiMo-7	Hastelloy B-2	Corrosion resistant alloys require matching fillers

Inconel 625 Equivalent Standard

STANDARD	UNS	WNR.	EN Werkstoffbezeichnung	Alloy
Inconel 625	NO6625	2.4856	NiCr22Mo9Nb	625

Composition of nickel alloy 625

Element	Min %	Max %
C	–	0.1
Mn	–	0.5
Si	–	0.5
P	–	0.015
S	–	0.015
Cr	20	23
Co	–	1
Mo	8	10
Fe	–	5
Al	–	0.4
Ti	–	0.4
Ni	58	–
Nb/Cb	3.15	4.15
Ta	–	0.05
Cu	–	0.5

Physical Properties of Nickel Alloy 625

Density:	0.305 lb/inch3
Melting Range:	2350-2460°F

Thermal properties of Nickel Alloy 625

Temp	Coefficient of Thermal Exp.	Thermal Conductivity	Modulus of Elasticity Dynamic
°F	in/in °F x 10-6	Btu. ft/ft2.hr°F	psi x 106
70	–	5.7	29.8
400	7.3	7.2	28.4
600	7.4	8.2	27.5
800	7.6	9.1	26.6
1000	7.8	10.1	25.6
1200	8.2	11	24.4
1400	8.5	12	23.1
1600	8.8	13.2	–

Typical Mechanical Properties of Nickel Alloy 625

Property	Value
Ultimate Tensile Strength	120 ksi
0.2% Yield	60 ksi
Elongation (2”)	30%

Corrosion Resistance of Nickel Alloy 625

Alloy	Weight Loss, g	Quiet		Weight Loss, g	Flowing, 2 ft/sec
		Range of Pit Depth, mils			Range of Pit Depth, mils
		Panel	Crevice Area		Panel	Crevice Area
625	Nil	Nil	Nil	0.25	Nil	Nil
C-276	Nil	Nil	Nil	0.1	Nil	Nil
René 41	0.8	Nil	Nil	0.3	Nil	Nil
X	0.1	Nil	Nil	0.6	Nil	Nil
825	0.25	0-1	0-9	0.2	3-6	1-26
718	2.7	Nil	37-165P	5.15	Nil	40-165P

Test duration two years. P=perforated by local attack

Crevice corrosion temperature (CCT)

Alloy	UNS No.	Molybdenum Content	°C	°F	Pitting Resistance Equivalent, (PRE)N
316L	S31603	2.1	-3	27	23
825	N08825	2.7	-3	27	30
2205	S31803	3.1	20	68	38
317L	S31703	3.2	2	35	29
AL-6XN®	N08367	6.2	43	110	48
625	N06625	9	45	113	51
C-276	N10276	15.4	55	130	66

10% FeCl3.6H2O, per ASTM G 48 Practice B

(PRE) N=Cr + 3.3Mo + 16N

Why Forged Rings?

Typical problems associated with metal rings can frequently be traced to the metal-forming process. Cast rings are often plagued with substandard strength and integrity. Rolled and welded or cut rings out from plate are susceptible to fatigue and carry excess material and processing costs. 
The forging process produces rings with controlled grain flow, which gives strength and resistance to impact and fatigue not found in rings torch cut from plate or rolled and welded.

Forged Ring Advantages

• Achieving structural integrity
• Optimizing toughness
• Enabling size versatility

Weights up to 60,000 lbs. in both ferrous and non-ferrous materials. The forging process produces rings with controlled grain flow, which gives strength and resistance to impact and fatigue not found in rings torch cut from plate, or rolled and welded.

Production technology of forged ring

When forged rings are manufactured, open die processing procedures are implemented so that workers can make seamless rolled rings. The unique rolling method makes each ring have better concentricity and flatness. All forged rings can withstand strict tolerances and meet typical industrial requirements. Mandrel rings are manufactured for customers who need heavier rings or fewer supply rings.
Mill is used when seamless forged rings are manufactured in the manufacturing plant. Due to the different design size of the rolling mill, the outer diameter of each ring will be different. The smallest ring usually weighs about 300 pounds, and the largest ring usually weighs more than 300000 pounds.

Production process of forged rings

In the first stage, a round metal material is transformed into a hollow doughnut. The staff heated the doughnut until the surface crystallized. The metal is then placed on the mandrel or idler. Next, under strong pressure, the roller moves to the drive roller. It reduces the wall thickness by continuously rotating.
Many manufacturers can make seamless rings in a variety of configurations. Most enterprises require flat rings, cylindrical rings and rings that look like washers. The height of each ring is also different; The product can be made one inch high or more than nine feet high. However, the height to thickness ratio is usually between 1:16 And 16:1. If the customer needs several rings with large proportion, special treatment is needed. In general, rectangular rings are the most common, because their design is simple.

• Step 1: Smelt and Pour liquid steel to make steel ingot;
• Step 2: Heat steel ingot and blank to produce steel bar;
• Step 3: Cut steel bar to get billet by cutting machine;
• Step 4: Upset by power press/forging hammer to get round cake;
• Step 5: Punch and pierce to make blank by forging equipment;
• Step 6; Ring rolling by ring rolling machine;
• Step 7: Make heat treatment and machining.

Yaang Tailored Solutions

• Small or large quantities of open die or rolled rings
• Up to 252″ maximum O.D.
• Up to 49″ maximum face height
• Rolled ring weights to 60,000 lbs., open die weights to 300,000 lbs.

Downstream processing such as heat treat, testing, machining, segmenting, parting or splitting can all be performed in house.

Yaang Forge Difference

At Yaang, we know the importance of getting your parts on-time, as expected. However, for customers new to procuring forgings, ordering a forging that will meet all specifications for end-use applications may be a challenge, which is why finding a trusted supplier and partner is essential. Our employee-owners are here to ensure your project stays on track with our forgings by offering:

• Forge Design & Engineering Guidance
• Finished Machining Options
• Metallurgical Review, NDE & Destructive Testing
• Forged Products

We offer many size forgings in both standard and unique geometries to meet your needs.

Complex Shapes

• Bars
• Step Shafts, Eccentric Shafts & Rotor Shafts
• Hollows
• Hubs & Tooled Forgings
• Forged & Rolled Rings
• Semi-Closed Die
• Discs & Blanks

China Forged Rings Manufacturer www.epowermetals.com offers ASTM B564 UNS NO6625 Forged Rings Φ720MM*Φ630MM*40MM.