What are pipe crosses
What are pipe crosses?
Table of Contents
- What are pipe crosses?
- Types of pipe cross
- Features of pipe crosses
- Size of pipe crosses
- Materials of pipe crosses
- Manufacturing process of pipe cross
- Incoming inspection of raw materials
- Blanking of pipe cross
- Pressing of pipe cross
- Heat treatment of pipe cross
- Pickling of pipe cross
- Reshaping of pipe cross
- Polishing of pipe cross
- Rolling sand of pipe cross
- Groove of pipe cross
- Pickling passivation of pipe cross
- Identification of pipe cross
- Inspection and warehousing of pipe cross
- How to buy pipe crosses
- Applications of pipe cross
Pipe crosses, also known as four-way fittings, have one inlet and three outlets and typically have solvent weld sockets or female threaded ends. The ends are positioned at a 90 degree angle and the threads are designed to create a stable grip and ensure a connection to the male threaded fittings. The pipe cross can be divided into equal diameter and reducing diameter, and the connecting pipes of equal diameter cross are of the same size; The size of the main pipe connecting pipe of the reducing cross is the same, while the size of the branch pipe connecting pipe is smaller than that of the connecting pipe.
Types of pipe cross
A pipe cross allows four direction transition in pipeline system. Let us know more about pipe crosses under the following heads:
What is a reducing cross
The reducing cross also is called unequal pipe cross , it is the pipe cross which the four branch ends are not in the same diameters.
We are manufacturer of Reducing cross and supply high quality Reducing cross in both large and small quantities worldwide & offer you the best prices in the market.
We have a team of experienced professionals with years of experience in manufacturing.
ASME B16.9 Butt weld Reducing Cross Dimensions
Nominal Diameter | Outside Diameter | Center to End | |||||
D1 | D2 | ||||||
DN | NPS | Series A | Series B | Series A | Series B | C | M |
15×15 | 1/2×1/2 | 21.3 | 18 | 21.3 | 18 | 25 | 25 |
15×10 | 1/2×3/8 | 21.3 | 18 | 17.3 | 14 | 25 | 25 |
15×8 | 1/2×1/4 | 21.3 | 18 | 13.7 | 10 | 25 | 25 |
20×20 | 3/4×3/4 | 26.9 | 25 | 26.9 | 25 | 29 | 29 |
20×15 | 3/4×1/2 | 26.9 | 25 | 21.3 | 18 | 29 | 29 |
20×10 | 3/4×3/8 | 26.9 | 25 | 17.3 | 14 | 29 | 29 |
25×25 | 1×1 | 33.7 | 32 | 33.7 | 32 | 38 | 38 |
25×20 | 1×3/4 | 33.7 | 32 | 26.9 | 25 | 38 | 38 |
25×15 | 1×1/2 | 33.7 | 32 | 21.3 | 18 | 38 | 38 |
32×32 | 1.1/4×1.1/4 | 42.4 | 38 | 42.4 | 38 | 48 | 48 |
32×25 | 1.1/4×1 | 42.4 | 38 | 33.7 | 32 | 48 | 48 |
32×20 | 1.1/4×3/4 | 42.4 | 38 | 26.9 | 25 | 48 | 48 |
32×15 | 1.1/4×1/2 | 42.4 | 38 | 21.3 | 18 | 48 | 48 |
40×40 | 1.1/2×1.1/2 | 48.3 | 45 | 48.3 | 45 | 57 | 57 |
40×32 | 1.1/2×1.1/4 | 48.3 | 45 | 42.4 | 38 | 57 | 57 |
40×25 | 1.1/2×1 | 48.3 | 45 | 33.7 | 32 | 57 | 57 |
40×20 | 1.1/2×3/4 | 48.3 | 45 | 26.9 | 25 | 57 | 57 |
40×15 | 1.1/2×1/2 | 48.3 | 45 | 21.3 | 18 | 57 | 57 |
50×50 | 2×2 | 60.3 | 57 | 60.3 | 57 | 64 | 64 |
50×40 | 2×1.1/2 | 60.3 | 57 | 48.3 | 45 | 64 | 60 |
50×32 | 2×1.1/4 | 60.3 | 57 | 42.4 | 38 | 64 | 57 |
50×25 | 2×1 | 60.3 | 57 | 33.7 | 32 | 64 | 51 |
50×20 | 2×3/4 | 60.3 | 57 | 26.9 | 25 | 64 | 44 |
65×65 | 2/1/2×2.1/2 | 73.0 | 76 | 73.0 | 76 | 76 | 76 |
65×50 | 2/1/2×2 | 73.0 | 76 | 60.3 | 57 | 76 | 70 |
65×40 | 2/1/2×1.1/2 | 73.0 | 76 | 48.3 | 45 | 76 | 67 |
65×32 | 2/1/2×1.1/4 | 73.0 | 76 | 42.4 | 38 | 76 | 64 |
65×25 | 2/1/2×1 | 73.0 | 76 | 33.7 | 32 | 76 | 57 |
80×80 | 3×3 | 88.9 | 89 | 88.9 | 89 | 86 | 86 |
80×65 | 3×2.1/2 | 88.9 | 89 | 73.0 | 76 | 86 | 83 |
80×50 | 3×2 | 88.9 | 89 | 60.3 | 57 | 86 | 76 |
80×40 | 3×1.1/2 | 88.9 | 89 | 48.3 | 45 | 86 | 73 |
80×32 | 3×1.1/4 | 88.9 | 89 | 42.4 | 38 | 86 | 70 |
90×90 | 3.1/2×3.1/2 | 101.6 | – | 101.6 | – | 95 | 95 |
90×80 | 3.1/2×3 | 101.6 | – | 88.9 | 89 | 95 | 92 |
90×65 | 3.1/2×2.1/2 | 101.6 | – | 73.0 | 76 | 95 | 89 |
90×50 | 3.1/2×2 | 101.6 | – | 60.3 | 57 | 95 | 83 |
90×40 | 3.1/2×1.1/2 | 101.6 | – | 48.3 | 45 | 95 | 79 |
100×100 | 4×4 | 114.3 | 108 | 114.3 | 108 | 105 | 105 |
100×90 | 4×3.1/2 | 114.3 | 108 | 101.6 | – | 105 | 102 |
100×80 | 4×3 | 114.3 | 108 | 88.9 | 89 | 105 | 98 |
100×65 | 4×2.1/2 | 114.3 | 108 | 73.0 | 76 | 105 | 95 |
100×50 | 4×2 | 114.3 | 108 | 60.3 | 57 | 105 | 89 |
100×40 | 4×1.1/2 | 114.3 | 108 | 48.3 | 45 | 105 | 86 |
125×125 | 5×5 | 141.3 | 133 | 141.3 | 133 | 124 | 124 |
125×100 | 5×4 | 141.3 | 133 | 114.3 | 108 | 124 | 117 |
125×90 | 5×3.1/2 | 141.3 | – | 101.6 | – | 124 | 114 |
125×80 | 5×3 | 141.3 | 133 | 88.9 | 89 | 124 | 111 |
125×65 | 5×2.1.2 | 141.3 | 133 | 73.0 | 76 | 124 | 108 |
125×50 | 5×2 | 141.3 | 133 | 60.3 | 57 | 124 | 105 |
150×150 | 6×6 | 168.3 | 159 | 168.3 | 159 | 143 | 143 |
150×125 | 6×5 | 168.3 | 159 | 141.3 | 133 | 143 | 137 |
150×100 | 6×4 | 168.3 | 159 | 114.3 | 108 | 143 | 130 |
150×90 | 6×3.1/2 | 168.3 | – | 101.6 | – | 143 | 127 |
150×80 | 6×3 | 168.3 | 159 | 88.9 | 89 | 143 | 124 |
150×65 | 6×2.1/2 | 168.3 | 159 | 73.0 | 76 | 143 | 121 |
200×200 | 8×8 | 219.1 | 219 | 219.1 | 219 | 178 | 178 |
200×150 | 8×6 | 219.1 | 219 | 168.3 | 159 | 178 | 168 |
200×125 | 8×5 | 219.1 | 219 | 141.4 | 133 | 178 | 162 |
200×100 | 8×4 | 219.1 | 219 | 114.3 | 108 | 178 | 156 |
200×90 | 8×3.1/2 | 219.1 | – | 101.6 | – | 178 | 152 |
250×250 | 10×10 | 273.0 | 273 | 273.0 | 273 | 216 | 216 |
250×200 | 10×8 | 273.0 | 273 | 219.1 | 219 | 216 | 203 |
250×150 | 10×6 | 273.0 | 273 | 168.3 | 159 | 216 | 194 |
250×125 | 10×5 | 273.0 | 273 | 141.3 | 133 | 216 | 191 |
250×100 | 10×4 | 273.0 | 273 | 114.3 | 108 | 216 | 184 |
300×300 | 12×12 | 323.9 | 325 | 323.9 | 325 | 254 | 254 |
300×250 | 12×10 | 323.9 | 325 | 273.0 | 273 | 254 | 241 |
300×200 | 12×8 | 323.9 | 325 | 219.1 | 219 | 254 | 229 |
300×150 | 12×6 | 323.9 | 325 | 168.3 | 159 | 254 | 219 |
300×125 | 12×5 | 323.9 | 325 | 141.3 | 133 | 254 | 216 |
350×350 | 14×14 | 355.6 | 377 | 355.6 | 377 | 279 | 279 |
350×300 | 14×12 | 355.6 | 377 | 323.9 | 325 | 279 | 270 |
350×250 | 14×10 | 355.6 | 377 | 273.0 | 273 | 279 | 257 |
350×200 | 14×8 | 355.6 | 377 | 219.1 | 219 | 279 | 248 |
350×150 | 14×6 | 355.6 | 377 | 168.3 | 159 | 279 | 238 |
400×400 | 16×16 | 406.4 | 426 | 406.4 | 426 | 305 | 305 |
400×350 | 16×14 | 406.4 | 426 | 355.6 | 377 | 305 | 305 |
400×300 | 16×12 | 406.4 | 426 | 323.9 | 325 | 305 | 295 |
400×250 | 16×10 | 406.4 | 426 | 273.0 | 273 | 305 | 283 |
400×200 | 16×8 | 406.4 | 426 | 219.1 | 219 | 305 | 273 |
400×150 | 16×6 | 406.4 | 426 | 168.3 | 159 | 305 | 264 |
450×450 | 18×18 | 457 | 480 | 457 | 480 | 343 | 343 |
450×400 | 18×16 | 457 | 480 | 406.4 | 426 | 343 | 330 |
450×350 | 18×14 | 457 | 480 | 355.6 | 377 | 343 | 330 |
450×300 | 18×12 | 457 | 480 | 323.9 | 325 | 343 | 321 |
450×250 | 18×10 | 457 | 480 | 273.0 | 273 | 343 | 308 |
450×200 | 18×8 | 457 | 480 | 219.1 | 219 | 343 | 298 |
500×500 | 20×20 | 508 | 530 | 508 | 530 | 381 | 381 |
500×450 | 20×20 | 508 | 530 | 457 | 480 | 381 | 368 |
500×400 | 20×20 | 508 | 530 | 406.4 | 426 | 381 | 356 |
500×350 | 20×20 | 508 | 530 | 355.6 | 377 | 381 | 356 |
500×300 | 20×20 | 508 | 530 | 323.9 | 325 | 381 | 346 |
500×250 | 20×20 | 508 | 530 | 273.0 | 273 | 381 | 333 |
500×200 | 20×20 | 508 | 530 | 219.1 | 219 | 381 | 324 |
NOTES: All dimensions are in millimeters.
(a). Outlet dimension M for NPS 26(DN 650) and large is recommended but not required.
(b). Dimensions applicable to crosses NPS 24(DN 600) and smaller.
What is a equal cross
The equal cross is one kind of the pipe cross, just like a equal tee, the equal cross means all the 4 ends of the cross are in same diameter.
We have a team of experienced professionals with years of experience in manufacturing.
ASME B16.9 Butt weld Equal Cross Dimensions
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) | DN | Outside Diameter at Bevel | Center- to-End | |
Run.C | Outlet. M[Notes(1) and (2)] | |||
1/2 | 15 | 21.3 | 25 | 25 |
3/4 | 20 | 26.7 | 29 | 29 |
1 | 25 | 33.4 | 38 | 38 |
1-1/4 | 32 | 42.2 | 48 | 48 |
1-1/2 | 40 | 48.3 | 57 | 57 |
2 | 50 | 60.3 | 64 | 64 |
2-1/2 | 65 | 73.0 | 76 | 76 |
3 | 80 | 88.9 | 86 | 86 |
3-1/2 | 90 | 101.6 | 95 | 95 |
4 | 100 | 114.3 | 105 | 105 |
5 | 125 | 141.3 | 124 | 124 |
6 | 150 | 168.3 | 143 | 143 |
8 | 200 | 219.1 | 178 | 178 |
10 | 250 | 273.0 | 216 | 216 |
12 | 300 | 323.8 | 254 | 254 |
14 | 350 | 355.6 | 279 | 279 |
16 | 400 | 406.4 | 305 | 305 |
18 | 450 | 457 | 343 | 343 |
20 | 500 | 508 | 381 | 381 |
22 | 550 | 559 | 419 | 419 |
24 | 600 | 610 | 432 | 432 |
26 | 650 | 660 | 495 | 495 |
28 | 700 | 711 | 521 | 521 |
30 | 750 | 762 | 559 | 559 |
32 | 800 | 813 | 597 | 597 |
34 | 850 | 864 | 635 | 635 |
36 | 900 | 914 | 673 | 673 |
38 | 950 | 965 | 711 | 711 |
40 | 1000 | 1016 | 749 | 749 |
42 | 1050 | 1067 | 762 | 711 |
44 | 1100 | 1118 | 813 | 762 |
46 | 1150 | 1168 | 851 | 800 |
48 | 1200 | 1219 | 889 | 838 |
GENERAL NOTES: All dimensions are in millimeters.
(a). Outlet dimension M for NPS 26(DN 650) and large is recommended but not required.
(b). Dimensions applicable to crosses NPS 24(DN 600) and smaller.
What is a saddle previously
Saddle previously is the ventilation ducts ‘crotch tee’, its shaped like pants, there equal and unequal diameter, the formal name is “tube tapered pants tee.” There is no standard size, to be based on three tube spacing center line of the front and graphic design draw graphics, Lofting produced, lofting a certain degree of difficulty.
Sheet metal is engaging, steel welding.
We are manufacturer of Saddle previously and supply high quality Saddle previously in both large and small quantities worldwide & offer you the best prices in the market.
Size range: 1/2 to 72 inches
Industrial Processes of Saddle previously
Bending, squeezing, pressing, forging, machining and more

Saddle previously DIN 2618 demention


Saddle previously DIN2618 is the ventilation ducts ‘crotch tee’, its shaped like pants, there Equal and unequal diameter, the formal name is “tube tapered pants tee.” There is no standard size, to be based on three tube spacing center line of the front and graphic design draw graphics, Lofting produced, lofting a certain degree of difficulty. Sheet metal is engaging, steel welding.
Applications of Saddle previously DIN2618:
Saddle previously DIN2618 is to replace the existing tee fitting, the use of flexibility, praised by domestic and foreign markets.
Features of pipe crosses
- There are three female openings in a T shaped pipe cross.
- There are straight pipe crosses which have the same size openings.
- Reducing pipe crosses have one opening of different size and two openings of the same size.
- There are sanitary pipe crosses which are used in waste lines. These kind of pipe crosses have a curved branch which is designed for a clean out plug. They are used to prevent obstruction of waste.
- A cross pipe cross has four equal sized female openings.
- A wing pipe cross has lugs to fasten the fitting to a wall or stud.
- A compression pipe cross uses compression fittings on two or more ends.
- A test pipe cross has a threaded opening. This opening is used in conjunction with a threaded plug for a clean-out opening on a drain pipe.
Size of pipe crosses
Pipe cross, LT, Lateral cross , RT, Reducing cross, cross fittings accord to ANSI, ISO, JIS and DIN Standards, Measures 1/2 to 56 Inches.
- Size range: 1/2 to 20 inches
- Types: Straight cross, Reducing cross, Y-type
- Pressure: SCH5 to SCH160
- Standard: ANSI B16.9/B16.28, MSS SP-43/SP-75
The pipe fitting not only played a role in conection the cossing pipeline but also can control the volume by designed with different dimension of cross ends,sometimes we also adopt rib to reinforce the mechanical property when face hard woeking conditions.
Pattern |
Weld |
Seamless |
Nominal size |
1/2”-48” (DN15-DN1200) |
1/2”-20” (DN15-DN500) |
Wall thickness |
2~100mm |
2~50mm |
Bend radius |
SCH5S-SCH160 ,XXS |
SCH5-SCH160 |
Type |
cross/reducing cross |
cross/reducing cross |
Materials of pipe crosses
- Carbon scrossl: ASTM/ASME A234 WPB-WPC
- Alloy scrossl: ASTM/ASME A234 WP 1-WP 12-WP 11-WP 22-WP 5-WP 91-WP 911
- Stainless scrossl: ASTM/ASME A403 WP 304-304L-304H-304LN-304N
- ASTM/ASME A403 WP 316-316L-316H-316LN-316N-316Ti
- ASTM/ASME A403 WP 321-321H ASTM/ASME A403 WP 347-347H
- Low temperature scrossl: ASTM/ASME A402 WPL 3-WPL 6
- High performance scrossl: ASTM/ASME A860 WPHY 42-46-52-60-65-70
Manufacturing process of pipe cross
The process flow of pipe cross is as follows:
- Incoming inspection of raw materials → blanking → pressing → heat treatment → pickling → reshaping → polishing → rolling sand → groove → pickling passivation → identification → inspection and warehousing
Incoming inspection of raw materials
The steel pipes must comply with the provisions of corresponding steel pipe manufacturing standards. The quality certificate of the manufacturing company shall be provided. When the steel pipe enters the factory, the quality inspector and keeper shall inspect and accept the diameter, wall thickness and appearance quality of the steel pipe.
Whether the mark and furnace batch number of the pipe material are consistent with the material certificate. Recheck the chemical composition analysis, mechanical property analysis and metallographic structure analysis according to the standards and the requirements of the demander.
The inner and outer surfaces of seamless steel pipes shall be free of cracks, folds, folds, delaminations, cracks, scabs and other defects.
The steel pipes shall be neatly arranged in the stockyard or workshop, and shall not be placed disorderly, there shall be no extrusion or collision of heavy objects, and there shall be no collision during hoisting..
Blanking of pipe cross
Sawing machine or automatic flame cutter shall be used for blanking.
The blanking length shall meet the technical requirements.
The two end faces of the cut pipe section shall be leveled by turning method.
Ensure the perpendicularity deviation of the two ends facing the axis and the parallelism deviation of the two end faces.
Pressing of pipe cross
During pressing, the corresponding pressing mould shall be selected according to the specification and model. The power equipment is a four-way hydraulic forming machine. Before pressing, the equipment shall be checked to confirm that it is in good operation.
Correctly adjust each limit switch and check the effectiveness and sensitivity of each control switch.
The equipment shall be operated by a specially assigned person. During the production process, pay attention to the reading of pressure at all times and make corresponding adjustment. In case of emergency such as abnormal pressure or unable to push, stop the machine immediately for inspection.
After the press is started, it is not allowed to put the head, hand and other body parts into the working table of the press.
Heat treatment of pipe cross
After the cross is extruded, heat treatment shall be carried out to eliminate the stress generated in the cold extrusion process.
Heat the seamless steel pipe to 727 ℃ to 912 ℃ or 30 ~ 50 ℃ above the critical temperature of Austenite for a certain time (the constant temperature time is 1H per 25mm wall thickness and shall not be less than 15min), and then conduct rapid water cooling.
Pickling of pipe cross
Remove the residue left on the surface after the solid solution of the cross.
Reshaping of pipe cross
Keep the diameter of the cross within the standard.
Polishing of pipe cross
The materials required for polishing include polishing wax, hemp wheel, nylon wheel, cloth wheel, wind wheel, thread cloth wheel, etc. Surface polishing can make the pipe fittings into mirror effect and improve the corrosion resistance of the pipe fittings. Internal polishing is mainly to prevent the fluid substances in the pipe from forming hanging wall in the pipe. It is easy to cause pollution and blockage in the pipe after a long time.
Rolling sand of pipe cross
Sand rolling is a surface treatment method, that is, the processed products are put into the sand rolling cylinder, and the elbow and sand roll together, so that the rust and burr fall off and the edges and corners are smooth. The elbow with good sand rolling can increase the wear resistance and hardness. The cost is higher than sandblasting, but the surface gloss is much better.
Groove of pipe cross
Groove equipment adopts ordinary lathe.
The burr generated by the groove shall be polished clean.
The groove angle is 37.5 ± 2.5 °.
Pickling passivation of pipe cross
Black and yellow oxide scale will appear during the processing of stainless steel pipe fittings. In order to improve the beauty and corrosion resistance of stainless steel, the processed pipe fittings need to be pickled and passivated. The purpose is to clean the oxide scale generated after processing, so that the pipe fittings are silver white, and an oxide film with chromium as the main material will be formed on the surface, so as not to cause secondary oxygen corrosion of the pipe fittings, so as to achieve the purpose of passivation, so as to prolong the service life of the equipment.
Identification of pipe cross
The finished cross shall be provided with durability identification with clear writing.
If the demander has specified the identification method, it shall be implemented according to the demander’s regulations; If not specified by the demander, the standard shall be implemented according to the product performance.
Inspection and warehousing of pipe cross
The geometric dimension and appearance of the cross shall be inspected by the quality inspector before warehousing.
The internal and external surfaces of the Cross shall be free of scratches, grooves or obvious depressions formed by collision, and there shall be no defects such as cracks, scarring, folding, delamination and so on.
Geometry inspection shall be carried out according to the standard.
The cross inspection record form shall be filled in for inspection.
The cross can only be put into storage after passing the inspection. It shall be neatly placed in the designated inventory area according to the specification and model, and ensure that it is free from dirt and collision.
How to buy pipe crosses
- Type of pipe cross – whether welded or seamless
- Standard
- Size and dimension
- Wall thickness
- Material of construction
- Durability and Economical
- High pressure and temperature resistance
- Corrosion resistance etc.
Applications of pipe cross
Pipe crosses are widely used in various commercial and industrial applications. Industrial applications include:
- Chemical processing
- Petroleum
- Pulp/paper
- Refining
- Textile
- Waste treatment, Marine
- Utilities/power generation
- Industrial equipment
- Automotive
- Gas compression and distribution industries
- Pipe crosses are also recommended for industrial plant fluid power systems.
Source: China Pipe Crosses Manufacturer – Yaang Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.epowermetals.com)
(Yaang Pipe Industry is a leading manufacturer and supplier of nickel alloy and stainless steel products, including Super Duplex Stainless Steel Flanges, Stainless Steel Flanges, Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings, Stainless Steel Pipe. Yaang products are widely used in Shipbuilding, Nuclear power, Marine engineering, Petroleum, Chemical, Mining, Sewage treatment, Natural gas and Pressure vessels and other industries.)
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