What is a fastener
What is a fastener?
Table of Contents
- What is a fastener?
- Characteristics of fasteners
- Materials of Fasteners
- Types of Fasteners
- Standard of fasteners
- Uses of Fasteners
- Manufacturing process of fasteners
- Packing of fasteners
- Quality inspection of fasteners
- Measurement of fasteners
- How to improve the quality of fasteners
- Cost of fasteners
- How to Choose Industrial Fasteners
- How to find reliable fastener manufacturers
- Place an order of fastener
Fastener is an important hardware device, which is used in many engineering related applications to mechanically connect or fix two or more objects together. They are considered as alternatives to welding.
In the manufacturing of machines, fasteners are used to hold two parts together. Fasteners can also be divided into three categories: permanent fasteners, temporary fasteners and semi-permanent fasteners.
Characteristics of fasteners
Fasteners are mechanical devices that hold two or more parts together. They can be assembled and disassembled at will, allowing for easy removal of the parts without damaging them. Fasteners are generally small in size, light in weight and easy to mass produce. This allows manufacturers to use large quantities of fasteners on a single assembly line with minimal labor costs compared to other types of fastener systems. Additionally, their ease of use means they require little maintenance and therefore have low operating costs over time compared with other systems such as rivets or bolts which require frequent maintenance due to their complexity.”
Materials of Fasteners
There are three main types of steel fasteners used in industry: stainless steel, carbon steel and alloy steel. Main grades of stainless steel fasteners: 200 series, 300 series and 400 series. Titanium, aluminum and various alloys are also common structural materials of metal fasteners. In many cases, special coatings or coatings can be applied to metal fasteners to improve their performance characteristics, such as enhancing corrosion resistance. Common coatings / coatings include zinc, chromium and hot dip galvanizing.
Carbon steel
Carbon steel is a series of carbon and iron alloys, containing up to about 1% carbon and up to 1.65% manganese, and adding a specific amount of deoxidizing elements and residues of other elements.
Low alloy steel
Low alloy steel is a kind of metal mixture composed of steel and other metals, which has ideal properties. Low alloy steel contains about 1% – 5% alloy elements. Therefore, it has precise chemical composition, provides better mechanical properties and aims to prevent corrosion.
Stainless steel
Stainless steel is a general term of the corrosion-resistant alloy steel family containing 10.5% or more chromium. All stainless steels have high corrosion resistance. This resistance to attack is due to the formation of a natural chromium rich oxide film on the surface of the steel.
Brass
Brass is a copper-based alloy with the main addition being zinc.
Aluminum
Aluminum is a silvery white metal and the 13th element in the periodic table. A surprising fact about aluminum is that it is the most widely distributed metal on earth, accounting for more than 8% of the mass of the earth’s core. It is also the third most common chemical element on our planet after oxygen and silicon.
Copper
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from Latin: cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a malleable metal with very high thermal conductivity and conductivity. Pure copper is soft and plastic; The newly exposed surface is orange red. It is used as a conductor of heat and electricity, building materials, and components of various metal alloys.
The title was provided by our writer.
Titanium
Titanium is a transition metal light with white silver metal color. It is strong, shiny and corrosion resistant. Pure titanium is insoluble in water, but soluble in concentrated acid. When exposed to high temperatures in the air, this metal forms a passive but protective oxide layer (resulting in corrosion resistance), but it can resist discoloration at room temperature.
The main oxidation state is 4+, although the states of 3+ and 2+ are also known, but they are not very stable. This element burns in air when it is heated to obtain dioxide TiO2 and when it combines with halogen. It reduces water vapor to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen. It reacts in a similar way to hot concentrated acid, but it forms trichloride with chlorohydric acid. The metal absorbs hydrogen to obtain TiH2 and forms nitride tin and carbide tic. Other known compounds are sulfur TiS2, the lowest oxides Ti2O3 and TiO, and sulfur Ti2S3 and tis. Salts are known in all three oxidation states.
Nickel and its alloys
Nickel alloy is an alloy with nickel as the main element. There is complete solid solubility between nickel and copper. The wide solubility range between iron, chromium and nickel makes many alloy combinations possible.
All these materials can be found on a variety of fastener types including screws, rivets, bolts and nuts. They are used in both structural applications as well as non-structural applications such as fastening accessories to furniture or electronic devices
Types of Fasteners
There are many types of fasteners. The following is a list of the most common:
1. Bolt: it is a fastener composed of head and cylinder, and the screw has external thread. It needs to be used with nuts to fasten and connect two parts with through holes. Bolted connections are removable connections.
2. Stud: it is a fastener without head, and only two ends have external threads. When connecting, one end must be screwed into the part with internal thread hole, the other end must pass through the part with through hole, and then screw on the nut, even if the two parts are closely connected as a whole. Stud connection is also a detachable connection.
3. Screw: it is also a fastener composed of head and screw.
According to the purpose, it can be divided into three categories: mechanical screw, fixed screw and special purpose screw.
- 1) Mechanical screw: mainly used for fastening connection between parts with fixed threaded holes and parts with through holes.
- 2) Fixing screw: mainly used to fix the relative position between two parts.
- 3) Special purpose screws: for example, there are eyebolts for lifting parts.
4. Nut: it has internal thread hole shape, generally flat hexagonal column shape, flat square column shape or flat cylindrical shape. It is used in conjunction with bolts, studs or machine screws to fasten and connect two parts into a whole.
According to its special category, it is divided into two categories: high-strength self-locking nut and nylon self-locking nut.
- 1) High strength self-locking nut: high strength and good reliability. It is used for road construction machinery, mining machinery, vibration machinery and equipment. It is European technology and less domestic production.
- 2) Nylon self-locking nut. It is a new type of high seismic and anti loosening fastener, which can be used in various electromechanical products with a temperature of – 50100 ℃. The demand for nylon self-locking nuts in aerospace, aviation, tanks, mining machinery, automobile transportation machinery, agricultural machinery, textile machinery, electrical products and all kinds of machinery has increased sharply, which can prevent major accidents caused by loose fasteners.
5. Self tapping screw: similar to machine screw, but the thread on the screw is the special thread of self tapping screw. It is used to fasten and connect two thin metal components as a whole. This connection is also a detachable connection.
6. Wood screw: it is also similar to machine screw, but the thread on the screw is the special thread of wood screw, which can be directly screwed on wood parts or parts to connect metal or non-metal parts with through holes with wood screws. These parts are fixed together. This connection is also a removable connection.
7. The shape of the washer is a fastener ring. It is placed between the support surface of the bolt, screw or nut and the surface of the connector, which increases the contact surface area of the connector, reduces the pressure per unit area, and protects the surface of the connector from damage. Another elastic washer can also play such a role. It has the function of preventing the nut from loosening.
8. Retaining ring: installed in the shaft groove or hole groove of machinery and equipment to prevent the left and right movement of parts on the shaft or hole.
9. Pin: it is mainly used for the positioning of parts, and some are also used for the connection of parts, fixing parts, transmitting power or locking other fasteners.
10. Rivet: it is a fastener composed of head and handle. It is used to fasten and connect two parts or components with through holes to make them a whole. This connection form is called rivet connection, or riveting for short. It is an inseparable connection.
11. Assembly and connection sub assembly: refers to a combination of supplied fasteners, such as some machine screws or bolts, self provided screws, flat washers or spring washers, and lock washers are supplied in combination. Connecting pair: refers to a fastener supplied by a combination of special bolts, nuts and washers, such as high-strength hexagon head bolt connecting pair for steel structure.
12. Welding nail: it is a heterogeneous fastener composed of light energy and nail head or no nail head, which is fixedly connected to a part or component by welding for connection with other parts.
13. Steel wire screw sleeve: it is a new type of threaded connection element, which is refined from high-strength and high-precision corrosion-resistant diamond wire. Shaped like a spring, it is installed in a specific screw hole of the matrix, and its inner surface forms a standard thread. Matching with the screw bolt can significantly improve the strength and wear resistance of the threaded connection; Especially in aluminum, magnesium, cast iron, plastics and other low-strength materials. The locking type is to add one or more locking rings on the basis of the ordinary type.
Standard of fasteners
The following table is provided for guidance only as there are often dimensional variations between standards.
DIN Standard | ISO Standard | British Standard | Product |
---|---|---|---|
DIN 1 | ISO 2339 | Cone Pins, untempered | |
DIN 125 | ISO 7089 | Washers; medium type, primarily for hexagon bolts | |
DIN 125 | ISO 7090 | Washers; medium type, primarily for hexagon bolts | |
DIN 126 | ISO 7091 | Product grade C washers – designed for use with Hexagon Head Bolts and Nut | |
DIN 127 | BS4464B | Spring Lock Washers with square ends or tang ends | |
DIN 128 | Curved and wave Spring Lock Washers | ||
DIN 137 | Spring Washers, curved or wave | ||
DIN 1440 | ISO 8738 | Medium type washers for pins | |
DIN 1443 | ISO 2340 | Clevis Pins without head | |
DIN 1444 | ISO 2341 | Clevis Pins with head | |
DIN 1470 | ISO 8739 | Grooved Pins, full length parallel-grooved with pilot | |
DIN 1471 | ISO 8744 | Grooved Pins, full length taper-grooved | |
DIN 1472 | ISO 8745 | Grooved Pins, half length taper-grooved | |
DIN 1473 | ISO 8740 | Grooved Pins, full length parallel-grooved with chamfer | |
DIN 1474 | ISO 8741 | Grooved Pins, half length reverse-grooved | |
DIN 1475 | ISO 8742 | Grooved Pins, third length centre-grooved | |
DIN 1476 | ISO 8746 | Round Head Grooved Pins | |
DIN 1477 | ISO 8747 | Countersunk Head Grooved Pins | |
DIN 1481 | ISO 8752 | Spring-type Straight Pins (roll pins) – heavy type | |
DIN 1587 | Hexagon Domed Cap Nuts | ||
DIN 1816 | Round Nut with set pin holes inside; ISO metric fine thread | ||
DIN 315 | Wing Nuts with rounded wings | ||
DIN 316 | Wing Screws with rounded wings | ||
DIN 404 | Slotted Capstan Screws | ||
DIN 417 | ISO 7435 | Slotted Set Screws with long dog point | |
DIN 427 | ISO 2342 | Slotted Headless Screws with chamfered end | |
DIN 428 | ISO 4034 | Hexagon Nuts, Grade C | |
DIN 433 | ISO 7092 | Washers for use with cheese head screws | |
DIN 433-1 | ISO 7092 | Product grade A washers – with a hardness up to 250 HV designed for use with cheese head screws | |
DIN 433-2 | ISO 7092 | Product grade A washers – with a hardness up to 300 HV designed for use with cheese head screws | |
DIN 438 | ISO 7436 | Slotted Set Screws with cup point | |
DIN 439 | ISO 4035 | BS3692 | Hexagon Thin Nuts |
DIN 439 | ISO 4036 | BS3692 | Hexagon Thin Nuts |
DIN 439 | ISO 8675 | BS3692 | Hexagon Thin Nuts |
DIN 439-1 | ISO 4036 | Unchamfered Hexagon Thin Nuts – product grade B | |
DIN 439-2 | ISO 4035 | Chamfered Hexagon Thin Nuts – product grades A and B | |
DIN 439-2 | ISO 8675 | Chamfered Hexagon Thin Nuts – product grades A and B | |
DIN 440 | ISO 7094 | Washers for use in timber constructions | |
DIN 444 | Eyebolts | ||
DIN 462 | Machine tools; internal tab washers for slotted round nuts for hook spanner according to DIN 1804 | ||
DIN 464 | Knurled Thumb Screws, high type | ||
DIN 466 | Knurled Nuts, high type | ||
DIN 467 | Knurled Nuts, low type | ||
DIN 471 | Circlips (retaining rings) for shafts; normal type and heavy type | ||
DIN 479 | Square Head Bolts with short dog point | ||
DIN 5406 | Lock Washers and locking plates for use with rolling bearings | ||
DIN 548 | Round Nuts with set pin holes inside | ||
DIN 551 | ISO 4766 | Slotted Set Screws with flat point | |
DIN 553 | ISO 7434 | Slotted Set Screws with cone point | |
DIN 555 | ISO 4034 | M5 to M100x6 Hexagon Nuts – product grade C | |
DIN 558 | ISO 4018 | Hexagon Head Screws | |
DIN 580 | Collar Eyebolts for lifting purposes | ||
DIN 601 | ISO 4016 | M5 to M52 Hexagon Head Bolts; product grade C | |
DIN 603 | Mushroom Head Square Neck Bolts | ||
DIN 609 | Hexagon Fits Bolts with long thread | ||
DIN 6319 | Spherical Washers and conical seats | ||
DIN 6325 | ISO 8734 | Parallel Pins, hardened: tolerance zone m6 | |
DIN 6340 | Washers for clamping devices | ||
DIN 653 | Knurled Thumb Screws, low type | ||
DIN 6797 | Toothed Lock Washers | ||
DIN 6798 | Serrated Lock Washers | ||
DIN 6799 | Lock Washers (retaining washers) for shafts | ||
DIN 6900 | ISO 10644 | Screw and Washer assemblies | |
DIN 6901 | ISO 10510 | Tapping Screw and Washer assemblies | |
DIN 6902 | ISO 10673 | Plain Washers for screw and washer assemblies | |
DIN 6903 | ISO 10669 | Plain Washers for tapping screw and washer assemblies | |
DIN 6912 | Hexagon Socket Thin Head Cap Screws with pilot recess | ||
DIN 6914 | ISO 14399-4 | High-strength Hexagon Head Bolts with large widths across flats for structural steel bolting | |
DIN 6916 | Round Washers for high-strength structural steel bolting | ||
DIN 6921 | ISO 1665 | Hexagon Flange Bolts | |
DIN 6922 | ISO 1665 | Hexagon Flange Bolts with reduced shank | |
DIN 6923 | ISO 1661 | Hexagon Nuts with flange | |
DIN 6924 | ISO 7040 | Prevailing torque type Hexagon Nuts with non-metallic insert | |
DIN 6924 | ISO 10512 | Prevailing torque type Hexagon Nuts with non-metallic insert | |
DIN 6925 | ISO 7042 | Prevailing torque type all-metal Hexagon Nuts | |
DIN 6925 | ISO 10513 | Prevailing torque type all-metal Hexagon Nuts | |
DIN 6926 | ISO 7043 | Prevailing torque type Hexagon Nuts with flange and with non-metallic insert | |
DIN 6926 | ISO 12125 | Prevailing torque type Hexagon Nuts with flange and with non-metallic insert | |
DIN 6927 | ISO 7044 | Prevailing torque type All-Metal Nuts with flange | |
DIN 6927 | ISO 12126 | Prevailing torque type All-Metal Nuts with flange | |
DIN 7045 | Pan Head Screws with type H or type Z cross recess – product grade A | ||
DIN 7337 | ISO 14589 | Break mandrel Bblind Rivets | |
DIN 7337 | ISO 15977 to ISO 15984 | Break mandrel Blind Rivets | |
DIN 7337 | ISO 16582 to ISO 16584 | Break mandrel Blind Rivets | |
DIN 7343 | ISO 8750 | Spiral Pins; normal type | |
DIN 7344 | ISO 8748 | Spiral Pins; heavy duty type | |
DIN 7346 | ISO 13337 | Spring-type Straight Pins; (roll pins) lightweight type | |
DIN 7349 | Plain Washers for Bolts with heavy clamping sleeves | ||
DIN 7500-1 | ISO 7085 | Thread rolling Screws for metric ISO thread – Part 1: Types, designation, requirements | |
DIN 7500-2 | Thread rolling Screws for ISO metric thread; guideline values for hole diameters | ||
DIN 7504 | Self-drilling Screws with tapping screw thread – dimensions, requirements and testing | ||
DIN 7513 | Hexagon Head and slotted head thread cutting screws – dimensions, requirements and testing | ||
DIN 7516 | Cross recessed head thread cutting screws – dimensions, requirements and testing | ||
DIN 7603 | Ring Seals and Gaskets | ||
DIN 7970 | ISO 1478 | Threads and thread ends for tapping screws (modified version of ISO 1478) | |
DIN 7971 | ISO 1481 | BS4174 | Slotted Pan Head Tapping Screws |
DIN 7972 | ISO 1482 | Slotted Countersunk Head Tapping Screws | |
DIN 7973 | ISO 1483 | Slotted Raised Countersunk Head Tapping Screws | |
DIN 7977 | ISO 8737 | Taper Pins with thread ends and constant point lengths | |
DIN 7978 | ISO 8736 | Taper Pins with internal thread | |
DIN 7979 | ISO 8733 | Parallel Pins with internal thread | |
DIN 7979 | ISO 8735 | Parallel Pins with internal thread | |
DIN 7980 | BS4464A | Spring Lock Washers with square ends for cheese head screws | |
DIN 7981 | ISO 7049 | Cross Recessed Pan Head Tapping Screws | |
DIN 7982 | ISO 7050 | Cross Recessed Countersunk Head Tapping Screws | |
DIN 7983 | ISO 7051 | Countersunk (flat) Head Tapping Screws with cross recess | |
DIN 7984 | Hexagon Socket Thin Head Cap Screws | ||
DIN 7985 | ISO 7045 | BS4183 | Cross recessed raised Phillips Pan Head Screws |
DIN 7989-1 | Washers for steel structures – product grade C | ||
DIN 7989-2 | Washers for steel structures – product grade A | ||
DIN 7991 | ISO 10642 | BS4168 | Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Cap Screws |
DIN 84 | ISO 1207 | BS4183 | Product grade A Slotted Cheese Head Screws |
DIN 85 | ISO 1580 | BS4183 | Product grade A Slotted Pan Head Screws |
DIN 9021 | ISO 7093 | Plain Washers with large outside diameter | |
DIN 908 | Hexagon Socket Screw Plugs with parallel screw thread | ||
DIN 910 | Hexagon-duty hexagon Head Screw Plugs | ||
DIN 911 | ISO 2936 | Hexagon Socket Screw Keys | |
DIN 912 | ISO 4762 | BS4168 | Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws (modified version of ISO 4762) |
DIN 912 | ISO 21268 | BS4168 | Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws (modified version of ISO 4762) |
DIN 913 | ISO 4026 | Hexagon Socket Set Screws with flat point (ISO 4026 modified) | |
DIN 914 | ISO 4027 | Hexagon Socket Set Screws with cone point (ISO 4029 modified) | |
DIN 915 | ISO 4028 | Hexagon Socket Set Screws with full dog point | |
DIN 916 | ISO 4029 | Hexagon Socket Set Screws with cup point (ISO 4029 modified) | |
DIN 918-3 | Overview of European standards for fasteners | ||
DIN 921 | Slotted Pan Head Screws with large head | ||
DIN 923 | Slotted Pan Head Screws with shoulder | ||
DIN 929 | Hexagon Weld Nuts | ||
DIN 93 | Tab Washers with long tab | ||
DIN 930 | Fine thread pitch partially Threaded Screws | ||
DIN 931-1 | ISO 4014 | BS3692 | M1,6 to M39 Hexagon Cap Screws partially threaded – product grades A and B |
DIN 931-2 | ISO 4014 | BS3692 | M42 to M160x6 Hexagon Cap Screws partially threaded – product grade B |
DIN 933 | ISO 4017 | BS3692 | M1,6 to M52 Hexagon Cap Screws fully threaded – product grades 8.8 |
DIN 934 | ISO 4032 | Hexagon Nuts with metric coarse and fine pitch thread – product classes A and B | |
DIN 934 | ISO 8673 | Hexagon Nuts with metric coarse and fine pitch thread – product classes A and B | |
DIN 935-1 | Hexagon Slotted Nuts and Castle Nuts with metric coarse and fine pitch thread – product grades A and B | ||
DIN 935-2 | M42 to M160x6 Hexagon Head Bolts; product grade B | ||
DIN 935-3 | Hexagon Slotted Nuts with metric coarse pitch thread – product grade C | ||
DIN 936 | BS3692 | M8 to M52 and M8x1 to M52x3 hexagon thin nuts; product grades A and B | |
DIN 937 | Hexagon Thin Castle Nuts | ||
DIN 938 | Studs with a length of engagement equal to about 1 d | ||
DIN 939 | Studs with a length of engagement equal to about 1,25 d | ||
DIN 94 | ISO 1234 | Split Pins | |
DIN 95 | Slotted Raised Countersunk (oval) Head Wood Screws | ||
DIN 96 | Slotted Round Head Wood Screws | ||
DIN 960 | ISO 8765 | M8x1 to M100x4 Hexagon Head Bolts with fine pitch thread – product grades A and B | |
DIN 960 | ISO 8676 | M8x1 to M100x4 Hexagon Head Bolts with fine pitch thread – product grades A and B | |
DIN 961 | ISO 8676 | M8x1 to M52x3 Hexagon Head Bolts with fine pitch thread – product grades A and B | |
DIN 962 | Designation system for fasteners | ||
DIN 963 | ISO 2009 | BS3692 | Slotted Countersunk Head Screws (with countersunk heads as specified in ISO 2009-1972) |
DIN 964 | ISO 2010 | BS3692 | Slotted Raised Countersunk Oval Head Screws |
DIN 965 | ISO 7046 | BS3692 | Cross Recessed Countersunk Flat Head Screws |
DIN 966 | ISO 7047 | Cross Recessed Raised Countersunk Head Screws | |
DIN 970 | ISO 4032 | Hexagon Nuts; style 1; metric coarse thread, product grades A and B; ISO 4032 modified | |
DIN 971-1 | ISO 8673 | Style 1 Hexagon Nuts with metric fine pitch thread; property classes 6 and 8 | |
DIN 971-2 | ISO 8674 | Style 2 Hexagon Nuts with metric fine pitch thread; property classes 10 and 12 | |
DIN 972 | ISO 4034 | M5 to M39 Hexagon Nuts; style 1; product grade C (modified version of ISO 4034) | |
DIN 975 | Threaded Rods | ||
DIN 976-1 | Metric thread Stud Bolts | ||
DIN 976-2 | Metric interference-fit thread Stud Bolts | ||
DIN 977 | ISO 21670 | Hexagon Weld Nuts with flange | |
DIN 979 | Hexagon Thin Slotted Nuts and Castle Nuts with metric coarse and fine pitch thread – Product grades A and B | ||
DIN 980 | ISO 7042 | All-metal prevailing torque type Hexagon Nuts | |
DIN 980 | ISO 10513 | All-metal prevailing torque type Hexagon Nuts | |
DIN 981 | Locknuts for use with rolling bearings | ||
DIN 982 | ISO 7040 | Prevailing torque type Hexagon Nuts with non-metallic insert | |
DIN 982 | ISO 10512 | Prevailing torque type Hexagon Nuts with non-metallic insert | |
DIN 983 | Retaining Rings with lugs for use on shafts (external circlips) | ||
DIN 985 | ISO 10511 | Prevailing torque type Hexagon Thin Nuts with non-metallic insert | |
DIN 986 | Prevailing torque type Hexagon Domed Cap Nuts with non-metallic insert | ||
DIN 988 | Shim Rings and supporting rings |
Uses of Fasteners
Fasteners are used in applications where holding power is required.Fasteners are mechanical units used to connect two or more objects. Fasteners can be used for permanent or temporary connections, depending on site conditions. There are many types of fasteners that have different applications and people should certainly know.
Fasteners can be divided into permanent or temporary units.
Examples of permanent fasteners can be rivets, nails, etc., which are disposable fasteners designed to permanently connect two objects. Therefore, these fasteners cannot be removed once installed, and removing it may cause damage to it. Temporary fasteners are designed to temporarily connect two or more objects and can be easily removed and reused.
Examples of temporary fasteners are bolts and screws, which are commonly used in some industries and products because they allow components to be reassembled when needed. Temporary fasteners are also called threaded or unthreaded.
From household appliances commonly used in our daily life to some high-tech gadgets, we all have a common component, that is fasteners. Although fasteners are not directly imagined by us, they will play an important role in our routine life. Whatever it is, from the tables and chairs we sit on to the cars we travel, because every edge we use is fixed in place by fasteners. Fasteners can be used in various industries, such as automobile, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, oil and natural gas, rubber, food processing, heavy machinery and so on.
Manufacturing process of fasteners
There are different types of fasteners. These include:
- 1. Coil element: Small billets are used as raw material, heated and rolled to make coiled elements, also known as wire or coil.
- 2. Annealing: A metal heat treatment process in which metal is slowly heated to a certain temperature for sufficient time, and then cooled at an appropriate rate (usually slow cooling, sometimes controlled cooling).
- 3. Pickling: A process of cleaning metal surface with acid solution to remove oxide layer and rust on metal surface.
- 4. Phosphating treatment: It is a process of forming phosphide chemical conversion film through chemical and electrochemical reaction. The function of phosphating film is to basically protect the metal, prevent the metal from corrosion, and prevent friction and lubrication at the same time. It belongs to surface treatment. Pretreatment.
- 5. Saponification: refers to the hydrolysis reaction process of oil products catalyzed by alkali. The function of saponification is to further increase the lubrication performance of metal surface, which also belongs to the pretreatment of surface treatment.
- 6. Stretch. The pretreated wire is extruded into the required shape (including appearance and material diameter) with a disc die with appropriate wire diameter.
- 7. Cold heading: a forging method in which a die is used to extrude a metal rod at room temperature. It is usually used to manufacture screws, bolts, rivets and nuts, which can reduce or replace cutting.
- 8. Turning: It is a kind of machining, which mainly uses turning equipment to turn the workpiece blank to obtain the ideal workpiece shape.
- 9. Thread processing (threading, rolling and tapping): Threads are obtained by extruding or cutting the material.
- 10. Heat treatment: the comprehensive process of heating, heat preservation and cooling the material in a certain medium, and controlling its performance by changing the surface or internal structure of the material.
- 11. Surface treatment. It refers to the process of artificially forming a surface layer with different mechanical, physical and chemical properties from the substrate on the surface of basic materials. Its purpose is to meet the requirements of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, decoration or other special functions of the product. We often hear hot-dip galvanizing, blue white zinc plating, bluing, blackening, etc. These are surface treatment processes.
Packing of fasteners
How to Pack Fasteners
Packaging fasteners is a delicate process that requires skill, caution and attention to detail.
It’s important to remember that packaging can be an extra expense for your company, so it’s important to accurately understand your needs. You don’t want to spend money on unnecessary packaging materials or services.
The best way to pack fasteners is to use a vacuum bag system. This method uses heat and pressure to seal the bags around your products to form a custom, airtight seal to protect them from damage during transportation. The bagging system also helps to protect the product from moisture so that it will not rust or corrode during storage.
You can also choose to use shrink wrapping machine to achieve this purpose. This machine seals the plastic on the edge of the product so that it will not be damaged by moisture entering the container during transportation or storage.
Packaging fasteners are a key part of any order fulfillment process. If you don’t know how to pack the fasteners correctly, you may eventually cause damage to the goods or even litigation.
In order to pack the fasteners correctly, you need to use bubble film and air bag to prevent them from shifting during transportation. You should also use packaging peanuts or other cushioning materials, such as paper or foam, to prevent items from rubbing against each other during transportation, which will cause damage over time. It is also important that your packaging materials be clean so that they do not get dirty during storage or transportation.
When you package fasteners in batches, make sure each has its own space so that they will not be damaged during transportation or storage.
Quality inspection of fasteners
How to check fasteners?
The first step in checking fasteners is to identify them properly. There are several different types of fasteners that have different characteristics, so it’s important not to confuse them with each other. After you’ve identified the type of fastener you’re working with, make sure it’s rated for high-quality use by checking its specifications sheet or contacting the manufacturer directly.
If you’re working with a new type of fastener for the first time (or if you want to get more information on how something works), there are plenty of online resources available to help you learn more about them before using them on any project.
When you’re inspecting fasteners, look for the following:
- 1. The heads of screws should be flat and smooth.
- 2. The threads on the bolts should be clean and even throughout their length.
- 3. The ends of all bolts should be smooth and free of burrs or cracks that could cause them to break off in use.
Surface inspection: This is the simplest, most common form of quality inspection. Inspectors will examine a fastener to check for defects, such as pitting or scratches, before it leaves the factory.
Dimensional inspection: This type of quality control involves measuring various dimensions to ensure that they fall within a small tolerance range. For example, if a bolt has been tightened too much during assembly, its diameter will be smaller than expected because it’s compressed from both sides and not just from one side like when you tighten a nut onto a bolt by hand.
Chemical analysis: A machine called an X-ray fluorescence analyzer can detect trace elements present in steel alloys at very low levels—this is useful for detecting impurities like lead or sulfur which would make your fastener less corrosion resistant and more likely to fail prematurely due to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) between two surfaces sharing an electrolyte-containing fluid interface (like salt water). Chemical analysis can also reveal other types of contaminants such as manganese content so we know whether our alloy contains too much manganese which makes it brittle when hardened rather than tough like chrome molybdenum steels should be used instead
Measurement of fasteners
When you’re measuring fasteners, there are a few factors to consider. You’ll need to know the length and diameter of each fastener before you can proceed with anything else. Once you have those numbers, though, it’s time to look at standards.
Many different types of fasteners exist and have been developed over time depending on what they’re being used for and what type of materials they’re going into or coming out of. For instance, if your project requires high-strength bolts that will resist corrosion from salt water exposure then perhaps these three grades would be ideal: Grade 8 (200 ksi), Grade 10 (350 ksi), Grade 12 (500 ksi). The higher the grade number is means greater tensile strength capabilities so these grades would provide much better protection against corrosion than lower grade options such as 5/16th inch flathead lag screws rated for 150 pounds per inch; use this only if no other option were available!
How to improve the quality of fasteners
When it comes to the quality of fasteners, there are many factors that affect the quality of a product.
- Supply chain management
- Process control
- Quality control
- Selection of raw materials
- Technological improvement
- Advanced equipment
- Staff training
- Customer feedback
Cost of fasteners
The cost of fasteners depends on the raw material and the labor cost. The exchange rate between USD and RMB affects the cost of fasteners.
How to Choose Industrial Fasteners
What should you be looking for in a fastener? Here are a few things to consider.
- 1. Strength.
- 2. Brittleness.
- 3. Corrosion resistance.
- 4. Electrical coupling corrosion performance.
- 5. Cost.
When selecting fasteners for industrial applications, a variety of factors and characteristics must be considered, including:
- The type of thread.
- The applied load on the fastener.
- The stiffness of the fastener.
- The number of fasteners required.
- Accessibility.
- Environmental factors (meaning temperature, water exposure and potential corrosion factors).
- Installation process.
- Material to be connected.
- Reusability.
- Weight limitations.
Fasteners can sometimes be supplied with coatings (e.g. cadmium plated, zinc plated, phosphate plated) to improve their corrosion resistance and general performance.
How to find reliable fastener manufacturers
To get the best fastener manufacturers, you’ll want to find out:
- The reliability of each manufacturer. To do this, ask for a certificate of quality and check the manufacturer’s website for information about its certification. You can find information on third-party inspections and payment terms there as well.
- The delivery time and after-sales service offered by each manufacturer.
- Whether or not a particular manufacturer offers warranty on its products or services (and what kind of warranty it is).
Place an order of fastener
- You can contact us by email or phone.
- You can also visit our factory.
- You need to tell us the size and quantity of fasteners you need.
- We will send you the quotation.
- You need to pay a deposit.
Source: Network Arrangement – China Fasteners Supplier: www.epowermetals.com
(Yaang Pipe Industry is a leading manufacturer and supplier of nickel alloy and stainless steel products, including Super Duplex Stainless Steel Flanges, Stainless Steel Flanges, Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings, Stainless Steel Pipe. Yaang products are widely used in Shipbuilding, Nuclear power, Marine engineering, Petroleum, Chemical, Mining, Sewage treatment, Natural gas and Pressure vessels and other industries.)
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